Persian carpet (Iranian carpets) making is an
ancient practice which still adorns the modern houses. Persian rugs and
Persian carpets are weaved in diverse styles with intricate patterns and
designs. Every rug has its own story to tell. The rug and carpet so
weaved carry within themselves wonderful fables of different Persian
cultures and civilizations. Thus the century old practices, cultures and
lifestyles are preserved in these Persian carpets and rugs.
As the name suggests, Persian carpets are manufactured in different
parts of Iran such as Isfahan, Nain, Qum, Tabriz, Mashad, etc. The
designs on the carpets are mainly floral which represents leaf, bud and
flower. The tendency on the whole is naturalistic. Colors used are
generally of delicate tones. They are used in perfect harmony thereby
giving pleasing and elegant look to the carpets. Persian carpets however
are not only available in Persia alone but are also available in
different other parts of the world like India, Pakistan, Turkey,
Srilanka asnd Bangladesh. The weavers in these part of the world imbibe
the patterns and designs of Persian carpet with great precision and
skill and reproduce the same type of Persian carpets and rugs.
Types of Persian Rugs and
Carpets
Depending on the geographical region of their manufacturing and the
styles, the Persian rugs and carpets can be categorized into:
Persian Carpet
Design
Persian carpets come in numerous amazing designs. Every design has its
own distinctiveness and the freshness and attraction bit imparts to the
carpet is beyond imagination. The royal look is largely because of its
design. There are two main part of the Persian carpets in which the
Variations in design occur-the
field (interior) and the
borders
(framing the interior). The designs in which the Persian carpets are
available are :
Geometric Designs
Geometrical designs consist of repeated linear elements of vertical,
horizontal, and diagonal lines. These carpets consist of elements
symbolizing cherished or sacred icons belonging to different tribe.
Curvilinear and Floral Designs
Most of the Persian rugs and carpets contains natural elements. Nature
in one form or the other is present in the carpet. Natural elements like
small plants and flowers or delicate animals, are represented on most of
the carpets with great skill and craftsmanship.
Medallion Design In the core of the Persian carpets, central medallion
is utilized. The most important thing that should be noted is that,
though two medallions might look similar but no two medallions are
completely identical. The design of the medallion is generally
spiritualistic in nature. The artist or the weaver generally takes the
inspiration from the domes of the Mosques.
Motifs in Persian
Carpets
There are many motifs by which weavers adorned the Persian rugs and
carpets. Some of the commonly used motifs are :
- Scrolling vine networks
- Arabesques
- Cloud bands
- Medallions
- Overlapping geometric compartments
- Animals and humans are depicted rarely.
Persian Knots
Persian carpets are tied with a single looping knot. The best piece of
the Persian carpets contain more than 50 knots per square centimeters.
Whereas low to average piece of Persian carpets consist of 30
knots/sq.cm. Knotting carpet is labor intensive work and requires great
skills. An average weave can tie almost 10,000 knot per day. The knot
density also decides the quality of the carpet. The best of the carpets
have more knot density.
About Iran/Persia
Islamic
republic of Iran, formerly known to world by the name of Persia is
located in Middle East in South West Asia. It is one of the world's
oldest surviving civilizations the earliest date of which can be traced
back to 4000B.C. The country is endowed with rich cultural traditions
which is reflected in its art, painting, architecture, poetry,
handicrafts, weaving, sculptures and many more.
Carpet weaving developed as separate discipline of art in Iran.
Virtually every villages, towns and cities are engaged in creating
wonderful piece of carpets and rugs. The art represents the customs of
its people and their instinctive feelings. Weaver are skilled who blend
the intricate patterns and designs with soothing colors to create a real
master piece.
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